The introduction of Wheel Loader

Function

Its main function is to shovel and transport loose materials over short distances. It is one of the fastest growing models in construction machinery with the largest production volume and market demand. What we usually see most are wheel loaders, and the opposite is crawler loaders. Compared with the crawler type, it has the advantages of good maneuverability, no damage to the road surface, and easy operation. Therefore, wheel loaders are widely used.

Structure and working principle

Wheel Loaders generally consist of a frame, a power transmission system, a walking device, a working device, a steering brake device, a hydraulic system and a control system. The power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the gearbox 14 through the torque converter 2, and then the gearbox transmits the power to the front and rear axles 10 through the transmission shafts 13 and 16 respectively to drive the wheels to rotate. The internal combustion engine power also drives the hydraulic pump 3 to work through the transfer case. The working device consists of a boom 6, a rocker arm 7, a connecting rod 8, a bucket 9, a boom hydraulic cylinder 12 and a rocker arm hydraulic cylinder 5. One end of the boom is hinged to the frame, and the other end is equipped with a bucket. The lifting and lowering of the boom is driven by the boom hydraulic cylinder, and the flipping of the bucket is realized by the bucket hydraulic cylinder through the rocker arm and connecting rod. The vehicle frame 11 is composed of two front and rear parts, which are connected with a hinge pin 4 in the middle. The front and rear vehicle frames can be relatively rotated around the hinge pins by means of the steering hydraulic cylinder to achieve steering.

Wheel Loaders can be divided into: power system, mechanical system, hydraulic system and control system. As an organic whole, the performance of a loader is not only related to the performance of the mechanical parts of the working device, but also to the performance of the hydraulic system and control system. Power system: The original power of the loader is generally provided by a diesel engine. The diesel engine has the characteristics of reliable operation, hard power characteristic curve, fuel economy, etc., and meets the requirements of loaders with harsh working conditions and variable loads. Mechanical system: mainly includes walking device, steering mechanism and working device. Hydraulic system: The function of this system is to use fuel as the medium to convert the mechanical energy of the engine into hydraulic energy using the oil pump, and then transfer it to the oil cylinder, oil motor, etc. to convert it into mechanical energy. Control system: The control system is a system that controls the engine, hydraulic pump, multi-way reversing valve and actuator. The hydraulic control drive mechanism is a device that converts small-power electrical energy or mechanical energy into powerful hydraulic energy and mechanical energy in the hydraulic control system. It consists of hydraulic power amplification components, hydraulic actuators and loads, and is the core of static and dynamic analysis in hydraulic systems.